IT-Exam-AWS

Core AWS Services

• EC2 – Instances, types, autoscaling
• S3 – Storage classes, performance, hosting static websites
• ELB (Elastic Load Balancer) – For distributing traffic
• RDS & DynamoDB – When to use what (relational vs NoSQL)
• Lambda – For serverless scenarios
• CloudFront – CDN to reduce latency

Architecture Best Practices

• Operational Excellence
• Security
• Reliability
• Performance Efficiency
• Cost Optimization
• Sustainability (recent addition)

Low-Latency Architecture

• Use CloudFront for global distribution
• Place backend services in multiple Availability Zones
• Use Auto Scaling for EC2 or Lambda
• Use Elasticache for caching (Redis/Memcached)
• Choose regions close to the end users
• Use Global Accelerator if needed

Databases

Amazon RDS (Relational Database Service)

• You need structured data with relationships (foreign keys, joins).
• Your application depends on SQL queries (PostgreSQL, MySQL, MariaDB, SQL Server, Oracle).
• You require ACID transactions (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability).
• You need complex reporting or analytics using joins, aggregations, etc.

Amazon DynamoDB (NoSQL)

• You need high-speed reads/writes at any scale
• You don’t need complex relationships (no joins)
• Your data is semi-structured or unstructured
• You expect massive scale (e.g., millions of users, IoT, gaming)

XXX

ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) transactions

• A (Atomicity): A transaction is all or nothing — if one part fails, the entire thing rolls back.
• C (Consistency): The database must move from one valid state to another — rules and constraints are respected.
• I (Isolation): Transactions don't interfere with each other — even when run at the same time.
• D (Durability): Once a transaction is committed, the data is permanently saved, even if the system crashes.