IT-Security

Ref.

• https://www.learninjava.com/easy-guide-to-ssl/
• https://badssl.com/
• https://www.learninjava.com/convert-p12-to-jks-and-pem-to-jks/

Cryptographic (Keys & Certificates)

• SSL & TLS are the same. SSL is the old name. TLS is the updated version of SSL.
• X.509 Certificates encoding formats and file extensions.
• (PKCS) Public Key Cryptography Standards >>> are binary files. These are the newer format of .pfx files. #12 is the 12th version of the standard.
• (PEM) Privacy Enhanced Mail >>> are text file alternative to PKCS format.
• We can use .pem for all artifacts. It is recommended to use for certificate (.cer, .crt) and for public or private keys (.key).

* Base64-ASCII: PEM >>> *.pem, *.crt, *.cer, *.key
* Base64-ASCII: PKCS#7 >>> *.p7b, *.p7c
* Binary: DER >>> *.der, *.cer
* Binary: PKCS#12 >>> *.pfx, *.p12

KeyStore/TrustStore

• KeyStore: holds onto certificates that identify us.
• TrustStore: holds onto certificates that identify others.
• Until Java 8, the default KeyStore-Format is JKS. Since Java 9, the default KeyStore-Format is PKCS12.
• Java has bundled a TrustStore called cacerts and it resides in the $JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security directory

* Certificate: .crt, .pem
* Certificate Chain: .crt, .cer, .pem
* Public Key: .key, .pem
* Private Key: .key, .pem